Ubuhle Bomnyama / Bama-Afrika: UZawditu, uMbusi Wokuqala wezwe lase-Afrika owaziwa umhlaba wonke yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ngumphakathi wamazwe omhlaba “Uma uMbusi uZawditu kwaziwa ukuthi wayeyinhloko yezwe lase-Afrika kuphela elizimele nelaziwa emhlabeni wonke; UZawditu futhi uyena kuphela inkosi yamakhosikazi yase-Ethiopia eyaziwa emlandweni ngomzabalazo wakhe omuhle, owasiza kakhulu ekuqedeni ubugqila ngo-1923 yize inkambo yakhe nokubusa kwakhe okufushane kwakusakazeke kwabaningi izingibe ”

Ngo-1916, ngo-Septhemba 27, uZawditu othile waba ngu-Empress wase-Ethiopia futhi wathola isihloko “seNdlovukazi yaseQueens. Lokhu kukhombise isikhathi esibucayi emlandweni woMbuso WaseTopiya kanye nasemlandweni we-Afrika yonke njengoba eba ngowesifazane wokuqala ukuphatha izwe elihlonishwa umhlaba wonke e-Afrika ngekhulu le-XNUMX kanye nelama-XNUMX. amakhulu eminyaka. Futhi lokhu, esimeni lapho izwe lakhe, i-Ethiopia, lalingazi ukoloni.

U-Empress Zawditu wanikezwa ilungelo lokuhlala esihlalweni sobukhosi ngemuva kokushona kwendodana kayise okuwukuphela kwakhe, u-Emperor Menelik II, esemncane. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi ubaba wakhe eshona ngo-1913, uLij Iyasu, indodana kadadewabo kaZawditu Shewa Regga, wathatha izintambo zombuso. Isikhathi, ngaphambi kokuthi uZawditu athathe isicoco, besingelula. UMbusi omusha wabona uZawditu njengosongo futhi wayala ukuthi yena nomyeni wakhe bakhishwe e-Ethiopia. Yile ndlela abokugcina abadingiswa ngayo kwaze kwaba yilapho izicukuthwane zingakunaki ukubusa kukaLij Iyasu futhi zayalela uZawditu ukuba abe yi-Empress.

Endleleni, uZawditu uthathe isicoco. Wabusa uMbuso wase-Ethiopia kusukela ngo-1916 kwaze kwaba ngu-Ephreli 2, 1930, lapho etholakala eseshonile endlini yakhe. Ngenkathi abanye bekholelwa ukuthi wabulawa wukushaqeka ngokushona komyeni wakhe empini, abanye bathi ushone ngemuva kokuhlushwa yi-typhoid nokulwa isikhathi eside nesifo sikashukela.

Yize ukubusa kwakhe kwakukufushane, kunezinto ezibalulekile ezamenza waba ngumbusi okhumbulekayo woMbuso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Empress Zawditu uphumelele ekuqedeni ubugqila e-Ethiopia ngenxa yosizo nemizamo ye- "Rastafari Philosophy" kaRas Tafari Makonnen (Hailé Selassie II), omela inkululeko. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqedwa kobugqila, u-Empress Zawditu waphinde wahola iTopiya yangena kwi-League of Nations (League of Nations), manje eyi-United Nations. U-Empress Zawditu wayengumKristu othembekile futhi wakha amasonto amaningi e-Ethiopia. Usize ngokuqinile ukusungula iSonto LamaTopiya e-Ethiopia eMbusweni ngethemba lokuthi amaSulumane ngeke agxile e-Ethiopia njengobuKristu.

Ukubusa kukaZawditu nakho bekungokomfanekiso ngoba umphathi wakhe uRas Tafari Makonnen ubhekele izindaba zombuso. URas Tafari wenziwa futhi njengendlalifa, njengoba kungekho noyedwa ezinganeni zika-Empress Zawditu owasinda ukuze athathe lo msebenzi. Kube nemizamo engaphumelelanga yokususa uRas Tafari esikhundleni sakhe njenge-regent.

Ngakho-ke u-Empress Zawditu waqoka uRas Tafari njengoNegus futhi waba ngumbusi wase-Ethiopia ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, u-Iyasu wabamba iqhaza ukubuyisa isihlalo sobukhosi ngosizo lukayise, uNegus Mikael de Wollo. Umbutho we-Empress Zawditu wehlula uNegus Mikael empini yaseSegale, u-Iyasu washiya indawo. Ngokwenza lokho, u-Iyasu wabanjwa waboshwa.

Kungenzeka abe ngumholi onqotshwe, wanxusa u-Empress Zawditu ukuba enzelwe umusa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMbusi uZawditu wayemthanda kakhulu uNdlovukazi waseBrithani uVictoria futhi wasebenzisa izindlela zakhe eziningi. Kodwa-ke, u-Empress Zawditu wayebuye akholelwe ngokuqinile ekulondolozweni kwamasiko, futhi wayephikisana nokuvuselelwa okungabonakali koMbuso wakhe ngenxa yokwesaba ukucindezela amasiko, amagugu namasiko ase-Ethiopia. Wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 29, 1876 ku-Emperor Menelik II, ngaleso sikhathi owaba yiNkosi yakwaShewa, uZawditu washada eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala endodaneni ka-Emperor ngaleso sikhathi, indodana ka-Emperor Yohanness uRas Araya Selassié Yohannes. Umshado bekuwumzamo wokukhipha konke ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kukayise kaZawditu noMbuso, kepha uhlelo belungasebenzanga.

UMbusi uZawdiitu washada amahlandla ama-3, kepha akazange abe nezingane. Ekushoneni kwakhe, esikhundleni sakhe kwathathwa uTafari Makonnen okwathi lapho eba nguMbusi, waqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi uHailé Sélassié. Kuze kube namuhla, uhlala yedwa owesifazane owake wabusa njengo-Empress woMbuso omkhulu wase-Ethiopia owawuzimele futhi uzimele ngenkathi i-Afrika yonke yayingaphansi kwejoka lamakoloni aseYurophu.